A guarantee instrument is a credit enhancement tool that can enable philanthropies to unlock millions or billions of dollars for societal impact. The Community Investment Guarantee Pool, created in 2019 by collaboration and allied impact investors, guarantors, novel initiative uses guarantees leverage the balance sheets foundations other institutional investors enhancing intermediaries affordab...

The new millennium has witnessed a rapid expansion of external balance sheets and significant changes in the capital, currency sectoral compositions foreign assets liabilities emerging economies. These have created channels transmission global financial shocks amplified susceptibility value their outstanding stocks gross to conditions, leading sizeable wealth transfers between advanced They als...