QUESTION Owing to Health Canada's recent recommendations to avoid the use of over-the-counter cough and cold medications in preschool children, I was looking at other antitussive medications for acute cough. Codeine was recommended in the past for this indication. What is the evidence for its use and how effective and safe is it? ANSWER Cough is one of the most common symptoms in children, an...

BACKGROUND Undifferentiated acute febrile illness (AFI) is a common presentation among adults in primary care settings in Singapore but large gaps exist in the understanding of the characteristics of these patients. We studied clinical and epidemiological characteristics of AFI patients and factors associated with delayed recovery from AFI. METHODS We performed a secondary data analysis using...

OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of acute primary angle-closure glaucoma in the Hong Kong Chinese population, and to identify risk factors for this condition. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING University teaching hospital, Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS Patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma presenting between 1 March 1998 and 29 February 2000. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Demographi...

The caudal nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) is the main central station of cough-related afferents and a strategic site for the modulation of the cough reflex. The similarities between the characteristics of central processing of nociceptive and cough-related inputs led us to hypothesize that galanin, a neuropeptide implicated in the control of pain, could also be involved in the regulation of t...

Aspergillus tracheobronchitis is a form of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in which the Aspergillus infection is limited predominantly to the tracheobronchial tree. It occurs primarily in severely immunocompromised patients such as lung transplant recipients. Here, we report a case of Aspergillus tracheobronchitis in a 42-year-old man with diabetes mellitus, who presented with intractable coug...

Oroxylum indicum commonly called Indian tumplet flower (Nepali name: Tatelo, Karamkanda, saune tatal) belongs to the Bignoniaceae family and it is widely used in traditional medicine.1, 2 Traditionally, the stem, bark, seeds and leaves used for the treatment of the diarrhea, typhoid and stomachache. It has also been used as antitussive, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment o...

It has been established that Picralima nitida has antitussive effect. This study therefore aimed at determining the possible mode of antitussive and expectorant activity of an ethanolic seed extract of P. nitida (PNE). The muco-suppressant, mast cell stabilization, and the anxiolytic effects of PNE were ascertained using ammonium chloride-induced phenol red secretion in BALB/c mice; compound 48...