In the blowfly Calliphora vicina visual signals are enhanced by amplification and antagonism as they pass from the site of phototransduction in the retina to secondorder neurones (LMCs) in the first optic neuropile, the lamina. The mechanisms responsible for amplification and antagonism were investigated, using currentclamp techniques, to examine the conductance mechanisms generating LMC respon...

In the mouse 55°C warm-water tail-withdrawal assay, a single administration of nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI; 10 mg/kg i.p.) antagonized k-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist-induced antinociception up to 14 days, whereas naloxone (10 mg/kg i.p.)mediated antagonism lasted less than 1 day. In saturation binding experiments, mouse brain membranes isolated and washed 1 or 7 (but not 14) days after nor-BN...

Mutualistic associations are shaped by the interplay of cooperation and conflict among the partners involved, and it is becoming increasingly clear that within many mutualisms multiple partners simultaneously engage in beneficial interactions. Consequently, a more complete understanding of the dynamics within multipartite mutualism communities is essential for understanding the origin, specific...

The antagonism of the nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade is accomplished many times in a given day. Fortunately, the incidents of complications are low. If they do occur and are not recognized and treated properly, however, the results can be serious. In this article, the author reviews the curariform group of drugs, anticholinesterases, and anticholinergics, evaluating the antagonism of th...

REFERENCES 1. W. S. DAVIDSON: .. Evaluation of New Treatments" Lep. Rev. XXIV, 139, 1953. 2. E. GRUNBERG and R. J. SCHNITZER: .. Antagonism of Isoniazid and Strepto­ mycin in Experimental Infection of Mice with M. Tuberculosis H37Rv." America// Rev. of Tubermlosis, Vol. 68. 277. 1953. 3. W. SZYBALSKI and V. BRYSON: .. Conditional Antagonism between Isoniazid and other Antibacterial Agents." Ibi...

1.25 per cent gelatin solutions containing enough NaOH to bring them to pH 7.367 (or KOH to pH 7.203) were made up with various concentrations of NaCl, KCl and MgCl(2), alone and in mixtures, up to molar ionic strength. The effects of these salts on the pH were observed. MgCl(2) and NaCl alone lower the pH of the Na gelatinate or the K gelatinate, in all amounts of these salts. KCl first lowers...

On the occasion of its opening in 2002, the Palais de Tokyo immediately struck the visitor as different from other contemporary art venues that had recently opened in Europe. Although a budget of 4.75 million euros was spent on converting the former Japanese pavilion for the 1937 World’s Fair into a “site for contemporary creation,” most of this money had been used to reinforce (rather than ren...

Keil came to the conclusion that the relative cellular and tissue reactivities of lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy patients were such as to make the spread of carcinoma, in the advent of cancer invasion, much more likely in the former than the latter type. An aCtual review of the findin gs of some 17 authors appeared to Keil to substantiate this theoretic concept. His review of their studies...

Treatment with second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), notably olanzapine and clozapine, causes severe obesity side effects. Antagonism of histamine H1 receptors has been identified as a main cause of SGA-induced obesity, but the molecular mechanisms associated with this antagonism in different stages of SGA-induced weight gain remain unclear. This review aims to explore the potential role of ...

In the mouse 55°C warm-water tail-withdrawal assay, a single administration of nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI; 10 mg/kg i.p.) antagonized κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist-induced antinociception up to 14 days, whereas naloxone (10 mg/kg i.p.)-mediated antagonism lasted less than 1 day. In saturation binding experiments, mouse brain membranes isolated and washed 1 or 7 (but not 14) days after nor-B...