TRIPs-Plus Treaties and Strengthening Protection of Pharmaceutical Inventions

Patent law protection of inventions in medicine and pharmaceutical industry.

Simply saying, inventions represent new solutions to technical problems. The word “technique” means “restraining of natural forces and controlled use of natural phenomena” , that is “human activity in the field of material phenomena characterized by space, time, matter and energy” . Thus, the technique is, actually, human activity to master and control nature. Once the domain of technique was c...

the protection of pharmaceutical inventions and human rights challenges

although intellectual property rights (iprs) in this era specially after the constitution of world trade organization (wto) have been concerned from economic and commercialization point of view, human rights perspective to iprs has been increased and so, human rights groups have highlighted certain challenges between iprs and human rights, have tried to adjust economic perspective and have soug...

trips: patenting of biotechnological inventions

granting of intellectual property rights on biological materials could be very contentious issue from cultural, legal, ethical and religious points of view. this could be even more complicated, once it acquires an international dimension. the agreement on trade related intellectual property rights (trips) is the latest international arrangement under which, a complex structure for international...

AIDS and TRIPS Pharmaceutical Patents, Generic Drugs and Public Health Under The TRIPS Agreement

The signing of the TRIPS agreement in 1994 heralded the world-wide enforcement of the type of intellectual property rights regime that had been established in the most developed countries. The arrival of this type of regime, which provides enlarged and powerful protection to patent-holders, coincided with the global development of the AIDS epidemic. This generated a series of new problems, part...

The "good old days" of TRIPS: the U.S. trade agenda and the extension of pharmaceutical test data protection.

From TRIPS to “TRIPS Plus” provisions. Patents protection and public health promotion in developing countries: raising the stakes for drugs accessibility

According to the latest UNAIDS estimation (2008), about 33.2 million people are living with HIV/AIDS in the world in 2007, mostly in developing countries. More than 2.5 million people were newly infected this year and 2.1 million people died of AIDS. Due to prevention programme and changes in behaviour, the epidemic seems to peak in the 90s. Yet, the Sub-Saharan region still bears the largest b...