The Use of Antibiotic Impregnated Cement Spacers in the Treatment of Infected Total Joint Replacement: Challenges and Achievements

Two stage total hip arthroplasty revision surgery includes foreign material debridment, insertion of antibiotic impregnatedcement spacer, and finally, reimplantation of the prosthesis. This review has aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antibioticimpregnated cement spacers in infection control and eradication in arthroplasties.A total of 85 articles on total hip arthroplasty were used in this narrative literature review.High concentrations of the antibiotic in targeted drug delivery by means of using antibiotic impregnated cementspacers is effective against infections while reduces the side effects of systemic antibiotic therapy. This results inprevention of bone and muscle atrophy as well as size discrepancy. Also, antibiotic impregnated cement spacersreduce dead space and help stabilize the limb in total hip arthroplasty. Despite all reported drawbacks, antibioticimpregnated cement spacers seem effective in eradicationg infections, although a consensus has not been yetachieved.Level of evidence: I