The Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Sprague Dawley pregnant Rats on vascular BCL-2,BAX AND eNOS Gene Expression in adult male offspring

  Background: One of the most growing diseases is the onset of atherosclerosis which can be started from a fetal age. As a result, the intrauterine environment plays a role at risk of spreading this disease. Changes in vascular function considered to be as an indicator for vascular disease. Effective factors on vascular function are enzyme eNOS and apoptotic regulator factors included BCL-2 and BAX. The aim of present study was estimating the effect of aerobic training during pregnancy on vascular gene expression of BCL-2, BAX, and eNOS in Sprague dawley rats offspring Materials and Methods: 10 females Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups of exercise during pregnancy (T) (221 ± 9.9) and sedentary (C) (223.8 ± 8). The aerobic exercise training  was performed immediately after observation of the vaginal plaque  for 21 days and 5 sessions per week with moderate intensity. About 2 to 3 days before delivery, their training program was terminated. Femoral artery samples were collected at 8 weeks of male offspring age. Data was analyzed with independent t-test for between group comparisons. Results: The results of the study showed that 21 days of aerobic training with moderate intensity during pregnancy increased significantly mRNA of the BCL-2 gene(P=0/004),decreased significantly mRNA of the BAX gene (P = 0.000) , but there was no significant change in mRNA of the eNOS gene (p=0/781). Conclusion: It seems that moderate exercise during pregnancy can reduce dysfunction of vascular in children.