Sustainable temporary shelter design via lightweight and recyclable materials

Background & Objects: Many goals can be imagined for this project, but achieving all these goals is a long and time-consuming task, and it is not possible to achieve all of them in one project, but in general, the main goal of the project is to find a plan that is suitable for temporary housing. can have the most efficiency for the accident victims while causing the least damage to the environment, some of these efficiencies are as follows: 1- Using recycled materials or materials with a very long life 2- Lightweight with easy packaging and transportation 3-quick to install, cheap and economical so that it is cost-effective for workers. Method: This study is a functional research by using descriptive-analytic method. Due to necessity, this article is a combination of library studies including books, treatises and articles, internet searches, conducting interviews with experts and victims of past accidents, receiving existing data and site visits. It has been tried to present an efficient plan in accordance with the set goals while studying the existing indicators and criteria and examining the samples of prefabricated shelters and past experiences. Findings: One of the most important challenges after disasters is the design of a suitable model for temporary accommodation during the organizing period. So far, many structures have been designed as temporary shelters and provided to the victims of the accident; But in most cases, these structures do not meet the needs of users and also do not have the necessary resistance to changing weather conditions. Even in many cases, it has been seen that the victims of the accident abandoned the built houses and built a new house for themselves with local materials that fit their lifestyle. Despite all the initiatives presented in the category of post-disaster housing, the progress made is small compared to post-disaster reconstruction issues. Therefore, it is necessary to present an effective plan by considering the design criteria of temporary accommodation and paying attention to the needs of the victims of the accident. Conclusion: Prefabricated construction due to its high speed, less error, and the lack of need for skilled personnel in the installation, can help the crisis management. The participation of the accident victims can make a big impact on their mental rehabilitation. The proposed design can be stored and produced in the form of small packages before the crisis. The use of light materials with high durability is important because of the uncertainty of the completion of the temporary settlement period. Low cost, a different appearance compared to the conex, the ability to use sustainable energy and its usability before (emergency accommodation) and after (permanent) temporary accommodation are the advantages of this plan.