Pharmacognostic Study, Chemical Analysis and Antioxidant Potential of Leucas indica L. (R. Br.)

Background & Aim: Leucas indica L. (R. Br.) is a lesser known aromatic herb of family Lamiaceae. Traditionally it was use to cure cough and cold by tribals of Southern India. The present work was aimed to investigate its pharmacognostic characters, major phytochemicals and antioxidant potential as possible replacement of its allied members to reduce their exploitation. Experimental: The fine details of stem and leaves of L. indica were noted including vasculature, cortical and epidermal depositions, trichome structure and stomata. The fluorescence analysis of leaf powder was done using various laboratory chemicals and reagents. The methanol leaf extract was analyzed using HPTLC to identify major active compounds and antioxidant potential was studied using standard method. Results: Both simple and glandular trichomes were present on stem as well as leaves. The fluorescence analysis of powdered drug material after interaction with different laboratory chemicals showed distinct colorations. The preliminary analysis revealed the phytochemical richness of the plant. Most phytoconstituents were found to be extracted in methanol solvent. The HPTLC analysis of methanol extract showed presence of a range of phenolics and flavonoids. The chromatogram showed availability of rutin, ferulic acid, catechin and apigenin which makes this plant as a possible antioxidant drug candidate. Recommended applications/industries: The rich chemical diversity of this plant and significant antioxidant potential could be used as good natural source for herbal pharmaceuticals.