Optimal Allocation of Electric Vehicles' Parking Lots in Distribution System Considering Urban Traffic

Abstract: Parking lots for electric vehicles (EVs) can make good utilization of the EVschr('39') battery capacity due to the large number of EVs. However, the location and size of parking lots will affect the distribution network condition. In this paper, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed for locating and determining the optimal capacity of EVschr('39') parking lots considering the constraints of distribution network and the traffic pattern of different urban areas. In the proposed model, the purpose of trips, the number of EVschr('39'), and their arrival and departure time in different areas are considered. Distribution network constraints are also taking into account using linearized load flow equations. The objective of the model is maximizing the profit of parking owners. The model is implemented in a distribution system with 37 buses which includes four different areas in terms of EVschr('39') travel type. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed model for locating EVschr('39') parking lots.