Non-Iranian shu'ubiyya movements in early Islamic centuries

The Iranian Shuchr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))ubiyyah was large-scale and diverse movement, but the Shuchr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))ubiyya movements in the Islamic world was not limited to the Iranians. The Umayyad caliphate focused on the Arab element in political, social, and economic affairs, and it was caused dissatisfaction among other ethnic groups and nationalities in the Middle East. Umayyad policies continued in anti- Shuchr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))ubiyyah books in later periods. This study seeks to find different currents of the Shuchr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))ubiyya movements among non-Arab Muslims, with the exception of Iranians, in the early Islamic centuries. The results of the studies show that the elites of the important ethnic groups in the Islamic world, relying on their cultural ability and civilizational background, stood up against the humiliations of the anti-Shuchr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))uabiyya and presented their honors. Nabataeans, Egyptian, Syrian, Andalusian, Black people and Turkish people were six large ethnic groups that stood up to the anti- Shuchr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))ubiyyah. Although few resources remain from these groups, but based on some historical, literary and religious books, their ideas can be reconstructed.