Identification of biological secondary metabolites in three Penicillium species, P. goditanum, P. moldavicum, and P. corylophilum

Microorganisms are important components of soil. Some soil filamentous fungi such asPenicilium produce many bioactive small molecules, or secondary metabolites, that range frombeneficial bioactive compounds to harmful toxins. In this study, the metabolites of threepenicillium species (P. goditanum, P. moldavicum and P. corylophilum) were extracted byadding ethyl acetate to liquid cultures. The metabolites were determined using gaschromatography and mass spectrometry. The results obtained from the GC-MS analysis showedthat Penicillium species are sources of bioactive compounds. We have identified differentgroups of compounds, such as alkaloids, alkenes, sesquiterpens, fatty acids, and essential oils.Among them, 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene, 2-methylenecyclohexane, anthracene, neoisolongifolene,[14] annulene and thioxanthene in P. goditanum, isocyclocitral, coumarin-6-ol and 2, 4, 6-Trimethoxystyrene in P. moldavicum as well as asarone in P. corylophilum were majorcompounds. Moreover, several compounds, such as oxalic acid, dibenzothiophene,hexadecanoic acid, and alkane hydrocarbons, were identified in all species.