Formulation and physicochemical control of vaginal suppositories containing the essential oil from Cuminum cyminum L. fruits

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis, as a prevalent vaginitis, is developed by Candida albicans. Regarding to the high incidence of this fungal infection and the antifungal activities of Cuminum cyminum, the preparation of vaginal suppositories containing its essential oil, has been considered as the main goal of the present investigation. Materials and methods: The constituents of C. cyminum essential oil were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the essential oil and the related formulation were determined by the cup plate method. Results: Vaginal suppositories containing 0.1 ml of C. cyminum essential oil per suppository base (2 gr) (Polyethylene glycol) were prepared and their appearance, mass uniformity, hardness, disintegration time, content and uniformity were evaluated. The stability of suppositories containing C. cyminum essential oil stored at 4, 25 and 40°C was investigated after 1, 2, and 6 months. It was found that storage at lower temperatures (4 and 25°C) did not cause any damages to the formulation. Conclusion: Due to the high quality of the formulated suppositories, it would be suggested as a successful replacement in the treatment of vaginitis caused by Candida albicans, after approving its efficacy in future clinical studies.