Evaluation of Fasting Blood Sugar via Salivary Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) as an ongoing metabolic disorder worldwide is a major public health concern. Diagnosis of DM is depended on clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) monitoring is currently the most common diagnostic method, which is an invasive and stressful procedure. Most recently, the use of non-invasive, convenient methods like fasting salivary glucose (FSG) has been highly regarded among researchers. The aim of present study was to evaluate the correlation of FSG with FBG in T2DM patients and healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, glucose level was measured using the glucose oxidase/peroxidase method in blood and unstimulated saliva in 50 T2DM patients and 50 non-diabetic subjects. After determining the normality of the data, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was done to assess the correlation between FBG and FSG. Results: The mean level of FBG, FSG and HbA1c of diabetic group were 161.00±5.6, 12.80±0.80 and 8.00±0.3 which were significantly higher than non-diabetic subjects (74.75±4.3, 6.5±0.75, 5.2±0.2.7, P-value: 0.001). The Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed significantly strong relationship between FBS and FSG in both groups (P-value: 0.005). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the presence of a significant correlation between FSG and FBG. Therefore, FSG level may be used as a non- invasive method to evaluate blood glucose in T2DM patients and healthy subjects.