Efficacy of combination therapy of Methotrexate and Vitamin A in low risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia treatment

Introduction: Methotrexate as a single agent chemotherapy in most women with low risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) has been associated with high treatment rate. Combination of methotrexate with Vitamin A due to reduced number of chemotherapy regime courses is one of the treatment options for patients with low-risk GTN. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to determine the efficacy of combination therapy of Methotrexate with Vitamin A in low risk GTN treatment. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 49 patients with low risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The treatment group (Group A= 19 cases) weekly received Methotrexate 50 mg/m2, and Vitamin A 200000 IU, intra-muscular, and the control group (Group B= 30 cases) only received Methotrexate 50 mg/m2 weekly . All patients were followed up for 8 weeks. Then, treatment outcomes were compared between two groups, and response to therapy was assessed in two groups by evaluation of HCG serum level. P Results: Mean of B-HCG serum level after 4 weeks in Group A and Group B was 68.5 mIu/ml and 360mIu/ml , respectively (P=0.018), and after 8 weeks was 1 mIu/ml and 12mIu/ml, respectively (P=0.074). Conclusion: Combination therapy of Methotrexate and Vitamin A in low risk GTN is associated with shorter duration of chemotherapy.