Drug Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae Isolated from ICU, Babol, Northern Iran

Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are spread through the world which causes nosocomial infections, especially in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study aimed to investigate resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae isolated from patients in ICU. During 2011-2012, 30 isolates for each P. aeruginosa and E. cloacae were collected from patients who acquired nosocomial infection after admition to the ICU at Hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, northern Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for five category antibiotics by micro-dilution method. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The highest resistance rate of P. aeruginosa was seen to amikacin (53.3%) followed by ceftazidime (43.3%). Also, 16.7% of E. cloacae was resistant to ceftazidime. Among P. aeruginosa isolates,18 (60%) were MDR while no E. cloacae isolates were MDR. The significant correlation was only demonstrated between MDR P. aeruginosa and the reason of hospitalization (P=0.004). In conclusion, there was alarming amount of P. aeruginosa MDR in patients in ICU which could lead to a hazardous outcome for the patients. Therefore, new prevention policies regarding to hospital infection should be established. Also, periodical assessment of bacterial resistance pattern particularly in ICUs should be performed.