Do Antibiotic Beads Need to be Removed?

How uncertain do we need to be ? ?

Expert probability forecasts can be useful for decision making (§1). But levels of uncertainty escalate: however the forecaster expresses the uncertainty that attaches to a forecast, there are good reasons for her to express a further level of uncertainty, in the shape of either imprecision or higher order uncertainty (§2). Bayesian epistemology provides the means to halt this escalator, by tyi...

Do Conventions Need To Be Common Knowledge?

Do conventions need to be common knowledge? David Lewis builds this requirement into his definition of a convention. This paper explores the extent to which his approach finds support in the game theory literature. The knowledge formalism developed by Robert Aumann and others militates against Lewis’s approach, because it demonstrates that it is almost impossible for something to become common ...

Do bacteria need to be regulated?

Additives for use in animal nutrition are regulated under Regulation (EC) No. 1831/2003. The scope of this paper addresses the specific microbiological issues relevant to a microbial feed additive, containing a Bacillus spp. and uses as an example a product with the trade name, Calsporin. Bacillus subtilis C-3102 is the active ingredient in Calsporin and is added to animal feed to favourably af...

Addiction Studies in Iran Neuroscientists Need to Do More

How good do natural hazard assessments need to be?

In trying to mitigate natural hazards, society plays a high-stakes game against nature. Often nature surprises us when an earthquake, hurricane, or flood is bigger or has greater effects than expected from detailed natural hazard assessments. In other cases, nature outsmarts us, doing great damage despite expensive mitigation measures. These difficulties are illustrated by the March 2011 earthq...

Do Query Optimizers Need to be SSD-aware?

Flash-based solid state disks (SSDs) are beginning to supplant conventional rotating disks for performance-critical data in myriad DBMS applications, including decision support systems. Though SSDs provide the same block-oriented storage abstraction as conventional disks, their performance characteristics differ drastically. Whereas SSDs provide relatively modest improvements in sequential tran...