Conventional steam activation for conversion of oil palm kernel shell biomass into activated carbon via biochar product

Production of Activated Carbon from Palm-oil Shell by Pyrolysis and Steam Activation in a Fixed Bed Reactor

The research objective was to produce activated carbon from palm-oil shells by one step pyrolysis and steam activation in a fixed bed reactor with the diameter of 100 mm. The studied variables were activation temperature, activation time, palm-oil shell sizes and flow rate of air. The results showed that the optimum condition was 1.18-2.36 mm of palm-oil shells at 750C for 2 hr with air flow ra...

Characterization of Bio-oil from Palm Kernel Shell Pyrolysis

Pyrolysis of palm kernel shell in a fixed-bed reactor was studied in this paper. The objectives were to investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature and particle size on the products yield and to characterize the bio-oil product. In order to get the optimum pyrolysis parameters on bio-oil yield, temperatures of 350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 °C and particle sizes of 212–300 μm, 300–600 μm, 600μm...

Characterization of Activated Carbons from Oil-Palm Shell by CO2 Activation with No Holding Carbonization Temperature

Activated carbons can be produced from different precursors, including coals of different ranks, and lignocellulosic materials, by physical or chemical activation processes. The objective of this paper is to characterize oil-palm shells, as a biomass byproduct from palm-oil mills which were converted into activated carbons by nitrogen pyrolysis followed by CO2 activation. The effects of no hold...

Steam Gasification of Palm Kernel Shell (PKS): Effect of Fe/BEA and Ni/BEA Catalysts and Steam to Biomass Ratio on Composition of Gaseous Products

This work presents the hydrogen production from steam gasification of palm kernel shell (PKS) at 700 C in the presence of 5% Ni/BEA and 5% Fe/BEA as catalysts. The steam gasification was performed in two-staged reactors to evaluate the effect of calcinations temperature and the steam to biomass ratio on the product gas composition. The catalytic activity of Ni/BEA catalyst decreases with increa...

Carbon emissions from forest conversion by Kalimantan oil palm plantations

Oil palm supplies >30% of world vegetable oil production1. Plantation expansion is occurring throughout the tropics, predominantly in Indonesia, where forests with heterogeneous carbon stocks undergo high conversion rates2–4. Quantifying oil palm’s contribution to global carbon budgets therefore requires refined spatio-temporal assessments of land cover converted to plantations5,6. Here, we rep...

Oil Palm Biomass Fibres and Recent Advancement in Oil Palm Biomass Fibres Based Hybrid Biocomposites