Consequences of Intracranial Hemorrhage and Its Effective Factors

Background and purpose: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the most common debilitating neurological disease. Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most prevalent form of stroke after ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of ICH and its effective factors. Materials and methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 288 patients with non-traumatic ICH attending Hamedan Sina Hospital were investigated in 2015-2016. Hospital mortality rate and length of stay were used to determine the outcomes. Data were collected through interviews, patient records and CT scan, and then analyzed in SPSS. Results: The patients were 58.7% females and 41.3% males. Among the patients, 54.4% aged 61-80 years old. Death occurred in 35.1% of the patients. Mortality rates in men and women were 38.7% and 32.5%, respectively. The mean age at death was 69.36±13.25 years old and the mean of hospital stay was 9.8 days. Mortality rate was higher in patients with higher blood glucose level, creatinine and high systolic blood pressure, early thrombocytopenia, and lower initial alertness. The mortality rate was also found to be high in patients with bilateral hemorrhage in putamen and caudate, intraventricular haemorrhage, hydrocephalus, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and midline shift. Conclusion: Mortality due to non-traumatic intracerebral bleeding was found to be highly associated with bleeding site, level of consciousness, blood pressure, blood glucose level, platelet count, and initial creatinine. Thalamus and then putamen were the most common sites of bleeding. Mortality rate was not associated with age and gender.