Comparison of Laparoscopic Versus Conventional Open Partial Nephrectomy in Dogs

Objective- Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has been proven to be a safe and effective technique in human. This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility and safety of utilizing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in dogs and to compare this technique with open routine partial nephrectomy for the first time in Iran. Design- Experimental study. Animals- Sixteen large mixed-breed female dogs, weighting 22±5 kg, 1-2 years age. Procedures- All dogs were anesthetized and positioned for surgery on left kidney. Partial nephrectomy (PN) was performed through five portals in left flank in laparoscopic group and through midline incision in open group. After renal artery was recognized and clamped, the caudal pole of kidney was resected. Then the exposed renal parenchyma was sutured. Operative time, ischemia time, incision length, clinical findings, hematological parameters, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and intra and post-operative complications were recorded for one month.   Results- Surgeries were performed successfully in both groups and visualization was excellent in laparoscopic group. Mean operative time was insignificantly longer in laparoscopic group. Mean ischemia time was evaluated more in laparoscopic group but total length of incisional scar was obviously longer in open cases. There was mild infection in one portal site of first group. Other parameters were assessed normal and there was no significant complication in both groups. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- This experience demonstrated that LPN is a safe and feasible procedure in dogs with acceptable outcomes and advantages comparing with open PN.