Comparison of Abdominal Aorta Intima-Media Thickness, Serum Level of Leptin, and Lipid Profile between Maternal Preeclampsia and Neonatal Outcomes

Background Pre-eclampsia is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women. This study was done with the objective of measuring abdominal aorta intima-media thickness, serum level of leptin, and lipid profile in neonates of pre-eclampsia mothers and comparing them with neonates of mothers without pre-eclampsia (control group). Materials and Methods Ninety neonates of pregnant mothers, who delivered their babies at Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, were included. They were divided into mild pre-eclampsia (15 neonates), severe pre-eclampsia (15 neonates), and control group (60 neonates). Their blood samples were delivered to the laboratory to assay leptin and lipid profile. Also, echocardiography was done to determine the thickness of intima-media of the abdominal aorta. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using Pearson correlation test and analysis of variance (for variables with normal distribution) and Spearman coefficient test and Kruskal-Wallis tests for variables with non-normal distribution. Results The minimum and maximum ages of mothers in all groups were 20 and 35 years, respectively. There was no significant difference between the mild pre-eclampsia, severe pre-eclampsia, and those without pre-eclampsia regarding serum leptin level and lipid profile (P> 0.05). However, there was significant difference between the groups regarding intima-media thickness (P< 0.05). Mean (± standard deviation) intima-media thickness was the highest in severe pre-eclampsia group (0.629±0.034) and the lowest in control group (0.472±0.058). Conclusion Neonates of mothers with pre-eclampsia had higher measurements of abdominal aorta intima-media thickness compared to control group.