Comparing Behavior of Chondrocyte Cells on Different Polyhydroxybutyrate Scaffold Structure for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Introduction: As the ability to repair cartilage tissue in body is limited, finding a suitable method for cartilage regeneration has gained the attention of many scholars. For this purpose, scaffold structure and morphology, along with cell culture on it, can be a novel method to treat cartilage injuries, osteoarthritis. Methods: In this study, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is selected as the scaffold. Firstly, PHB (6% w/v) solution was prepared using chloroform solvent by employing solvent and electrospinning methods. With regard to phase studies, morphology, and specifying agent groups, we used specific characterization devices such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To compare the behaviour of cellular scaffolds, they were divided into 2 groups of scaffolds, and the chondrocyte cells were cultured. To perform phase studies, analysis of MTT and trypan blue were carried out for measuring the viability and attachment on the surface of the scaffold, and the specification of scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to determine the morphology of the cells. Results: Through performing MTT test on the first, third and seventh days, it was found that these types of scaffolds are significantly different from those in the control group (P<0.05). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicates good attachment of chondrocytes on all scaffolds. Results obtained from trypan blue exclusion test also indicated an increase in cell attachment on scaffolds. Conclusion: Comparing cell behavior on two scaffolds indicates that cell attachment, cell growth and proliferation, and cell migration on the electrospun scaffold is better than the scaffold provided by using solvent casting approach.