Association of Adiponectin rs1501299 Gene Polymorphism with Adiponectin Levels and Type 2 Diabetes in an Iranian Population

Background and Objectives: Adiponectin is an adipokine, which is abundantly expressed in adipose tissue and has a potent roles in insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to test the association of single nucleotide polymorphism of rs1501299 of the adiponectin gene with adiponectin levels and type 2 diabetes.   Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 80 diabetic patients with fasting blood glucose (FBG) more than 100mg/dl and 80 individuals with FBG of 70-100mg/dl as control group. The genotyping determination was performed by PCR-RFLP method. Biochemical and anthropometric variables were measured by standard methods, and the levels of adiponectin and insulin, were measured using a human ELISA kit. Data were analyzed using independent t-, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Kolmogorov Smirnov tests and logistic regression model.   Results: In this study, there was no significant difference between TT and GT carriers in any of the clinical and anthropometric variables in both groups. Also, the adiponectin rs15012993 gene polymorphism had no relation to adiponectin level (p<0.05). The genotypes of rs15012993 had association with T2DM. The T allele showed protective effects against type 2 diabetes (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25-0.88, p=0.018). The Frequency of GG genotype was higher in diabetic patients compared to the control group (OR=2.14, 95% CI=1.15-4.03, p=0.018).   Conclusion: The present study results revealed that there is an association between adiponectin rs1501299 gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes. This polymorphism in the adiponectin gene has no relation to adiponectin levels.