ستیز دولت و بنیادگرایی اسلامی و تاثیر آن بر توسعه در خاورمیانه

Today, in most theories related to development, democratic regimes are introduced as one of the tools and indices of development. In fact, theoretically and practically, democratic regimes provide the most important and the most appropriate ground for the development, while other regimes can never play such a role. Having a look at ruling political regimes in the Middle East, it appears that, except for a few, most countries in the region, compared to other regions, even in comparison with Islamic countries outside the region such as Malaysia, are deemed as backward in terms of development and transition to democracy while the opposition might be able to pave the road for democracy. Since Islamic fundamentalists act as the most important political movement in the region, this research, using descriptive–explanatory method, tries to address this question: in what ways the current political structures and Islamic fundamentalism have influenced and are still influencing on the process of development in the Middle East? In response to the above question, this hypothesis will be tested: authoritarian regimes of the region and their Islamic fundamentalism, due to their undemocratic nature, are the most important obstacle to development in Middle East countries.Confirming the above hypothesis, the results of this study suggest that: Islamic fundamentalism movement, which is in conflict with authoritarian states in the region, is itself at odds with democracy for specific reasons, and intended ideas, goals and political institutions of fundamentalists, which they pursue as the desired government in the society, do not conform with theories and realities of democracy.