The Effect of Body Pump Training on Bone Mineral Density and Balance in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract Introduction and aim: Studies has shown that increases bone mineral density (BMD) loss after menopause in women; On the other hand, physical activity is an important factor in preventing osteoporosis and fractures associated with it. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 6 months low-load very high-repetition resistance training (body pump) on BMD­ and balance in postmenopausal women. Methodology: 22 postmenopausal women volunteer were randomly divided into resistance training (n=12) and control (n=10). The resistance training group performed 3 weekly sessions for 6 months. No regular training program was assigned for control group during the research period. Bone scans (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) were performed at baseline and after 6 month of training. Also, the balance index was assessed using the Stork Balance Stand Test. Findings: After 6 months, BMD in the lumbar spine (p=0.001) and balance (p=0.001) significantly increased in the resistance training group. In addition, there was significant differences in BMD of lumbar spine between the resistance training group and control group (the lumbar spine: (p=0.04), balance (p=0.001)). But after 6 months, there weren't any significant changes in femoral neck (p=0.1 and forearm (p=0.2). Conclusion: Six months, low-load very high-repetition resistance training lead to increase the bone density of the lumbar spine while these changes do not occur at the femoral neck and forearm. It seems to be the highest impact on BMD of lumbar spine.