The Differences in Sensorimotor Rhythm Power During Performing In-Phase and Anti-Phase Patterns in Bimanual Coordination

Purpose: The sensorimotor cortex oscillations (frequency ranging between 12 and 15 Hz), commonly known as Sensorimotor Rhythm (SMR) has previously displayed a promising link between the performance of the visuomotor related to skill execution and part of psychology that is adaptive (e.g. the process linked attention which is automatic). This study examined the extent of SMR power in the execution of both in- and anti-phase patterns in bimanual coordination tasks at different speeds.  Methods: The present study used a quasi-experimental method. Study participants (n=40, aged: 19-24 years) were selected using convenience sampling method. Study participants were subjected to the 2 bimanual movements with the wrists speed levels ranging from slow to fast; while taking simultaneous records of the EEG. The neurofeedback consisted of SMR frequency of 12-15 Hz at C3 and C4. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and 2-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using SPSS. Examination of post-hoc results of importance was conducted using Bonferroni correction paired comparisons. P=0.05 was set as the significance level.  Results: The results suggested that SMR power was higher in anti-phase compared to the in-phase model. In addition, the manipulation of bimanual speed affected the SMR power by increasing it in the anti-phase when the speed increased. However, the SMR power did not raise when the in-phase pattern was conducted.  Conclusion: Further attention is needed in the anti-phase model as it requires greater SMR power wave. Moreover, with increasing speed, the amount of SMR power can perform a better bimanual linear task.