The Diagnostic Value of End-tidal Carbon Dioxide (EtCO2) and Alveolar Dead Space (AVDS) in Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Thrombo-embolism (PTE)

Introduction: Capnography, is an easy, fast and practical method which its application in the diagnosis of Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy (PTE) has recently been studied. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) and the alveolar dead space (AVDS) in the diagnosis of patients suspected to PTE who have been referred to the emergency department. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during one year in the emergency department of Ghaem Hospital on patients with suspected PTE who scored less than 4 for the Wells’ criteria during the initial evaluation. After excluding other differential diagnoses, all patients underwent CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) to confirm PTE. Following that, arterial blood gas sampling, ETCO2 and AVDS were requested for all the patients based on capnography. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical tests in SPSS software version 11.5. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of AVDS and ETCO2 were measured based on (CTPA) results. Results: The study was performed on 78 patients (mean age of 47.08± 15.6 years, 43 males/35 females) suspected to PTE. According to the results of CTPA, 37 patients did not develop PTE while 41 patients were with PTE. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender (P=0.999), while a statistically significant difference was found between the mean values of ETCO2 and AVDS between the two groups (P