Spatial Segregation in Demography: A Short Review

  Abstract. Spatial has always been an inherent component of demography, and demographic processes are inherently spatiotemporal. Recognizing the importance of spatial in general and spatial segregation in particular in demographic analysis has created new positions in demography and its conceptual and analytical frameworks. The notion of spatial segregation refers to the distribution of social groups, infrastructure, activities, or any distribution of certain elements in space. Despite the different demographic groups, how to access different urban services, employment, education, health, occupational services in Iran, little research on spatial segregation analysis has been conducted in demography yet. The methodology of this paper is a systematic review of the literature on spatial segregation, which is a kind of secondary study and analysis of previous studies. The results show that spatial analysis has a high potential for social sciences and interdisciplinary research. Even how a given society responds to each of the demographic transitions depends on the spatial and spatial context in which that society exists. The application of emerging fields of spatial sciences, spatial analysis, and statistics in demography allows us to observe various changes in demographic behaviors (marriage, fertility, mortality, migration, health, and wellness) in the context of space.