Relationship of Oxygen Saturation Percentage (SaO2) and Arterial Oxygen Pressure (PaO2) with the Outcome of Covid-19 Patients Hospitalized in intensive care Units

Background and Objective: In order to determine the Hypoxemia and prognosis of patients with covid-19 hospitalized in the intensive care unit, reliable oxygen supply indicators are needed. In this situation, the examination of the percentage of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2), as well as their relationship, may be helpful. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study examined 1,121 patients with covid-19 hospitalized in the intensive care unit of hospitals affiliated with Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through a researcher-made checklist, including age, gender, history of smoking and drug use, underlying disease, duration of hospitalization, the outcome of hospitalization, and hemoglobin listed in the patient's medical records. Moreover, SaO2 and PaO2 were examined in the first arterial blood analysis report after admission to the hospital. Results: A positive and significant correlation was observed between SaO2 and PaO2 (r=0.733 and P<0.001). SaO2 significantly predicted Pao2 in COVID-19 patients (β=63.51, R2=0.630, P<0.001). Furthermore, the duration of hospitalization had a positive and significant correlation with PaO2 (r=0.112, P<0.001) and SaO2 (r=0.063, P=0.034). Conclusion: The measurement of the percentage of oxygen saturation and arterial oxygen pressure through arterial blood gas analysis is more accurate in diagnosing Hypoxemia in covid-19 patients. They are better indicators to determine the prognosis of critically ill patients.