Rapid and high throughput regeneration in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) from embryo explants

Callus induction and regeneration of fennel from embryo explants were stabilized in the presence of cefotaxime antibiotic and different plant growth regulators (PGRs). The experiments were conducted under a factorial experiment, based on a completely randomized design (CRD). Genotypes; Fasa, Meshkinshar and Hajiabad were applied under different concentration of cefotaxime (0 and 100 mg l-1), NAA (0 and 0.2 mg l-1), IAA (0 and 0.4 mg l-1) and BAP (0, 0.5 and 1mg l-1). Regeneration, proliferations and root induction were taken placed on studied media, after 35 days without sub-culturing. The highest rate of proliferation with 200 shoots per explant was observed on B5 medium, containing100 mg l-1 cefotaxime and 1.0 mg l-1 BAP.  Callus induction and proliferations were observed in all media containing 100 mg l-1 cefotaxime that can be related to auxin like activity of cefotaxime in fennel tissue culture.