Prevalence of risk factors in diabetic patients with oral complications

Introduction: Diabetes results in several oral complications. Many last studies about risk factors effect on oral manifestations has been controversial. Therefore, according to its importance, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors in diabetic patients with oral complications. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study 257 subjects out of 600 diabetic patients were presented to Yazd (Iran) diabetic research center and was chosen with convenience sampling method in 2016. Inclusion criteria were mentioned, then according to each oral manifestation (candidiasis, oral lichen planus, periodontitis, gingivitis, oral dryness, delayed wound healing, geographic tongue, gingival hyperplasia, fissured tongue and burning tongue) patients were divided into two groups and risk factors (smoking, age, gender, denture, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, type of drugs) were compared. Results: Prevalence of candidiasis in older age and denture users and oral lichen planus and burning tongue in smokers were higher than other groups. Patients suffering from gingivitis was older and the use of denture was more common in people with gingival hyperplasia and insulin use was significantly higher in patients with poor wound healing. Conclusion: Our study showed that that aging, use of denture and smoking can increase the risk of oral manifestations in diabetic patients, so more education and attention about these cases and timely referral to oral medicine specialists are necessary in these patients