Pneumatized Articular Tubercle and Pneumatized Roof of Glenoid Fossa on Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Prevalence and Characteristics in Selected Iranian Population

Introdouction: Mastoid pneumatization is often complete by the age of 5-years and may involve the temporo mandibular joint (TMJ) region, including the pneumatized articular tubercle (PAT) and pneumatized roof of the glenoid fossa (PRGF). To prevent surgical complications, the diagnosis of these air cells is important. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of PAT and PRGF in the Iranian population. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, convenience sampling was used to select participants. CBCT radiographs of 239 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Prevalence, location, age, and gender of patients with PAT and PRGF were determined. SPSS 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 239 patients, 51 (21.3%) presented with PAT and 14 (5.9%) with PRGF. The mean age of the PAT patients was 47.92 ± 14.39 years. Unilateral PAT and PRGF were found in 35 (68.6%) and 8 (57.1%) patients, respectively. PAT prevalence was 51% in females and 49% in males. Conclusion: Surgeons planning TMJ intervention should evaluate radiographic imaging preoperatively to prevent intraoperative complications.