How energy and water availability constrain vegetation water-use along the North Australian Tropical Transect

Authors

  • D. Eamus School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
  • H. Shi School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
  • J. Beringer School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
  • J. Cleverly eSchool of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
  • L. Cheng Water for a Healthy Country Flagship, CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
  • L. He National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China
  • Q. Yu Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy ofScience, Beijing 100101, China
  • R. Whitley Department of Biology, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
  • W. Zhuang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy ofScience, Beijing 100101, China.
  • Y. Wang CSIRO Ocean and Atmosphere Flagship, Private Bag 1, Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia.
Abstract:

Energy and water availability were identified as the first order controls of evapotranspiration(ET) in ecohyrodrology. With a ~1,000 km precipitation gradient and distinct wet-dry climate,the North Australian Tropical Transect (NATT) was well suited for evaluating how energy andwater availabilities constrain water use by vegetation, but has not been done yet. In this study,we addressed this question using Budyko framework that quantifies the evapotranspiration as afunction of energy-limited rate and precipitation. Path analysis was adopted to evaluate thedependencies of water and carbon fluxes on ecohydrological variables. Results showed that themajor drivers of water and carbon fluxes varied between wet and dry savannas: down-wellingsolar radiation was the primary driver of the wet season ET in mesic savanna ecosystems, whilesoil water availability was the primary driver in inland dryland ecosystems. Vegetation cansignificantly regulate water and carbon fluxes of savanna ecosystems, as supported by thestrong link of LAI with ET and GPP from path analysis. Vegetation structure (i.e. the tree:grassratio) at each site can regulate the impact of climatic constraint on ET and GPP. Sites with a lowtree:grass ratio had ET and GPP that exceeded sites with high a tree:grass ratio when the grassyunderstory was active. Identifying the relative importance of these climate drivers andvegetation structure on seasonal patterns of water use by these ecosystems will help us decideour priorities when improving the estimates of ET and GPP.

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Journal title

volume 10  issue 3

pages  403- 423

publication date 2016-07-01

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