Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 19 in Odontogenic Keratocysts and Dentigerous Cysts

Background and Aim: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and dentigerous cyst (DC) are two common developmental cysts involving the jaws. The role of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2) and 19 (MMP19) in progression and invasion of some cysts and tumors has been documented. This study sought to assess the expression of MMP2 and MMP19 in OKCs and DCs. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analytical study, 58 paraffin blocks including 20 DCs, 20 OKCs and 18 dental follicles (DF) were chosen from the archives of the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to detect the expression of MMP2 and MMP19 using the EnVision technique. Data were analyzed using the Chi square, Fisher’s exact, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney and Spearman’s cor-relation tests. Results: Both markers were expressed in OKCs and DCs. Expression of MMP19 was higher in OKCs compared to DCs and DFs. Significant differences existed among the groups in the intensity of staining of the epithelium (P<0.05) and the connective tissue (P<0.001) for MMP19. Expression of MMP2 in DCs was higher than in OKCs and DFs. Significant differences existed among the groups in the intensity and percentage of staining of the epithelium (P<0.001) and the connective tissue (P<0.05) for MMP2. Conclusion: Our findings indicated the potential role of MMP19 in the invasive behavior of OKC. Greater expression of MMP2 in DCs may indicate its role in multi-dimensional growth of this cyst. Nevertheless, further studies are required to make an evidence-based decision. Key Words: Odontogenic Cysts, Dentigerous Cyst, Matrix Metalloproteinases