Evaluation model for emergency evacuation time of population in crowded places

Background and objective: Emergency evacuation is one of the first stages of crisis management, which should be done in the shortest possible time and can have a great effect in reducing the death rate caused by the occurrence of danger. So the purpose of this article is to evaluate the emergency evacuation time of Mehrabad Airport in emergency situations through the simulation of emergency population evacuation strategies. Method: The research method is descriptive-analytical, in terms of solving the combined problem and the type of explanatory results. Collecting field and documentary information has been done. The statistical population includes 53 specialists, academic staff and graduate students. Random sampling and Cochran's formula were used. After conducting the interview and completing the questionnaire, the scenarios with a maximum of two incompatible factors were obtained from the Wizard software, and then the fifth scenario and two modes A and B were modeled in the Any Logic software. Findings: The simulation results have shown. The evacuation time in the fifth scenario is higher than the other scenarios because the inspection room itself has a gate that reduces the speed of people leaving and increases the time required for people to leave. The results show that in case B, the time has increased compared to case A, in fact, in case A, 3600 people leave the place in 98 minutes, and in case B, the same number of people leave the place in 105 minutes. The reason for the increased time in mode B is because only the obstacles on the path are removed and the door is not added.  Conclusion: It can be concluded that only removing the obstacles is not an efficient method to reduce the evacuation time and the emergency door should also be added to the model. Also, according to the fifth scenario, the resilience of airport hall number 2 is not suitable in emergency situations because in the event of a crisis and an increase in congestion, the level of fear and speed is very high. In fact, in the event of a crisis, the airport in question is able to safely evacuate when the number of people exceeds 1000, since the number of people in normal conditions is 2000. Unlike the previous researches that had a one-dimensional look at the issue of emergency evacuation, this article has a mixed approach.