Effects of hypertonic solutions on biochemical parameters and endotoxemic calves resuscitation

Endotoxemia is a common and life threatening inflammatory condition in calves which can lead to shock, multiple organ dysfunction, and immunosuppression and biochemical dyshomeostasis. In order to correct peripheral perfusion and metabolic disturbances, hypertonic fluids are recommended as part of treatment. The aim of the present study was to determine the resuscitating effects of hypertonic solutions (NaCl 7.2% and NaHCo3 8.4%) on endotoxemia-induced biochemical alterations. Nine Holstein male calves were randomly divided into three groups (control; n=3 and two treatment; n=6). All calves were injected bacterial Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and were monitored for four hours post administration (p.a) at several regular intervals. Biochemmical parameters such as Total protein (TP), Fibrinogen (Fib), Lactate, Cortisol and Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were measured as well as Rectal Temperature (RT), Respiratory Rate (RR) and Heart Rate (HR). Approximately, blood biochemistry showed significant change in all parameters following endotoxemia which were corrected by hypertonic solution interventions. The present study demonstrated that hypertonic sodium bicarbonate exerted its resuscitating effects by more abrupt increase of ACTH and Cortisol levels.