Ecological factors affecting the South West of the country on the gum and essential oil composition ferula asa foetida

Asafoetida scientific name ferula assa_ foetida L belonging to umbeliferae. Asafoetida Rich repository of secondary metabolites and many drugs is the primary active ingredient. Although these materials are made primarily guided by genetic processes But making them can be significantly influenced by environmental factors. in this research The relationship between altitude and some soil physical and chemical characteristics As important factors affecting the amounts of the essential oil and As well as the amount of gum Ferula assa foetida In the natural habitats of the provinces of Fars, Khuzestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer were studied. For this purpose three natural habitats of this species respectively (Sepidan, Behbahan, Tange sorkh ) With different height from the sea level was. After taking samples from the roots or base of the stem And determine the weight of the plant gum, The essential oil distillation with water method or device carried Clevenger. Then, to determine the composition of the oils Of GC and GC / MS was used. The resulting analysis was performed with SAS version 9.2. Essential oil content and gum three sites with height above sea level, showed a significant decrease. That it can be environmental factors such as soil, water and air, humidity and altitude also attributed. Results also showed that Behbahan sites (Khuzestan) 3.68 percent Most of the oil was compared to other habitats. And the main constituents of the essential oil of Khuzestan have had better quality habitat.