Development of a Spatial Model for Locating Optimal Areas of Sustainable Physical Development Using Fuzzy Logic (Case Study: Hamadan City)

Today, physical development and population growth in Iranian cities, like other developing countries, is on the rise. One of the main problems in the urban area is the lack of attention to the influential parameters in the sustainable urban development.  Various factors, such as natural phenomena, play a role in the urban development, and the effective parameters must be considered for locating the suitable areas for sustainable physical development. Otherwise, there will be a kind of heterogeneity and disorder in the physical development of the city and the sustainable development will not be achieved. The most important innovation of this research is the combination of spatial information system and fuzzy logic to determine the optimal range of the physical development of Hamedan city with a sustainable development approach. Since the determination of the optimal range of development has not yet taken place, and several factors have been involved, and uncertainty in development rang prediction, using fuzzy logic can be helpful.  In this study, the effective parameters are including faults, slopes, roads, rivers, and distance from the city are considered. Then fuzzy membership functions defined and applied spatial data using   ArcGIS software.  The Sugeno fuzzy system is used to determine best location of the urban physical development. In this system the fuzzy rule of a descriptive phrase with linguistic values, ​​becomes a simple relation and the output of the system is no fuzzy. Also, in this system, there is no need to apply the operator on the system and deactivate it. One of the advantages of Sugeno system is that its output can be used in most cases and there is no need to change it. In this system, the input of the system is applied to the rules and then multiplied by the weight of each rule and the result is divided by the sum of the values ​​of the rules. Due to population growth and the growing trend of physical development in developing countries, including Iran, it is necessary to rely on scientific tools and by examining various factors to advance this development towards sustainable physical development. Statistical studies have shown that the population of Hamadan has been increased over the past. It should be noted while planning for the sustainable physical development of cities, the factors of physical development must be examined and acted based them. For analyzing effective parameters of sustainable development Geo-Spatial Information System was used.  Due to uncertainty existence in urbanization, fuzzy logic was used as a suitable tool to model these parameters. Finally, the results were presented by combining different parameters. years. The results show that the best area for sustainable physical development of this city is the northern and northwestern parts of the city. Also, if the importance of the beauty parameter of nature decreases, the northeast of the city will be suitable for development. But in the none of the studied cases the south of the city is not suitable for development.