Deep seated Candidiasis
author
Abstract:
Candida pneumonia is classified as primary when there is no other hematogenous manifestation of candidiasis. The infection is rare and usually is the result of aspiration. Secondary candida pneumonia, the most frequent presentation, is associated with hematogenous candidiasis. Among cancer patients, only 9% of pulmonary candidiasis cases were considered primary. Cardiovascular infections caused by candida spp. can present as endocarditis, myocarditis, or pericarditis. Candida spp. is responsible for 65% of fungal endocarditis, and cause 2% to 10% of prosthetic valve endocarditis. Central nervous system infections by candida spp. are rare and can present as meningitis or abscesses. Candida infections of the CNS usually are secondary to hematogenous disease or are associated with CNS surgery or ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection. Ocular candida infections can present as keratitis, chorioretinitis, and endophthalmitis. Most cases of bone and joint candida infections are due to detected or undetected hematogenous candidiasis. Primary osteitis and arthritis are rare and occur mainly as a result of accidental implantation of the fungus by traumatic means. Candida spp. frequently are cultured from intra-abdominal infectious foci but should be considered a risk for serious infections such as abdominal abscesses, peritonitis, and eventually hematogenous candidiasis only in certain subsets of patients, such as those receiving TPN (Total Parenteral Nutrition) or broad-spectrum antibiotics, patients with recurrent perforations, necrotizing pancreatitis, or anastomotic leakage or in whom treatment for previous abdominal infection failed.
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Journal title
volume 12 issue 49
pages 21- 29
publication date 2020-11
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