Cumulative Risk Estimation for Chemical Mixtures
author
Abstract:
In reality, humans are always exposed to a combination of toxic substances and seldom to a single agent. Simultaneous exposure to a multitude of chemicals could result in unexpected consequences. The combined risk may lead to greater or less than a simple summation of the effects induced by chemicals given individually. Here, a method is proposed for estimating the cumulative risk which is the risk associated with exposure to more than one chemical through different routes. The method is based on using the data to determine a suitable power transformation of the dose of each component of the mixture and fitting a dose­response model to the mixture under dose­addition. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the constancy of the relative potency between two chemicals in terms of the slopes of their corresponding dose­response models are derived and it is shown how the relative potency may be estimated directly from the joint dose­response model of the mixture. An example using a mixture of four chemicals is used for illustration.
similar resources
Strange brew: assessing risk of chemical mixtures.
Intravenous administration of the anticancer drug, cis-dichlorodimmineplatinum (CDDP) leads to tumour regression in 50% of patients with advanced ovarian cancer (Gershenson et al, 1981; Adams et al, 1984). The number of treatment failures, coupled with the drug-induced host toxicities in this condition, have prompted studies on the human tumour stem cell assay (Salmon & Von Hoff; 1982) in which...
full textProspective aquatic risk assessment for chemical mixtures in agricultural landscapes
Environmental risk assessment of chemical mixtures is challenging because of the multitude of possible combinations that may occur. Aquatic risk from chemical mixtures in an agricultural landscape was evaluated prospectively in 2 exposure scenario case studies: at field scale for a program of 13 plant-protection products applied annually for 20 yr and at a watershed scale for a mixed land-use s...
full textchannel estimation for mimo-ofdm systems
تخمین دقیق مشخصات کانال در سیستم های مخابراتی یک امر مهم محسوب می گردد. این امر به ویژه در کانال های بیسیم با خاصیت فرکانس گزینی و زمان گزینی شدید، چالش بزرگی است. مقالات متعدد پر از روش های مبتکرانه ای برای طراحی و آنالیز الگوریتم های تخمین کانال است که بیشتر آنها از روش های خاصی استفاده می کنند که یا دارای عملکرد خوب با پیچیدگی محاسباتی بالا هستند و یا با عملکرد نه چندان خوب پیچیدگی پایینی...
Cumulative risk: toxicity and interactions of physical and chemical stressors.
Recent efforts to update cumulative risk assessment procedures to incorporate nonchemical stressors ranging from physical to psychosocial reflect increased interest in consideration of the totality of variables affecting human health and the growing desire to develop community-based risk assessment methods. A key roadblock is the uncertainty as to how nonchemical stressors behave in relationshi...
full textCumulative Risk Assessment for Environmental Mixtures: New Approaches Based on Pathways
can be found at http://dels.nas.edu/emergingscience. The newsletter is prepared by National Research Council staff to keep you informed of activities of the Standing Committee on Emerging Science for Environmental Health Decisions. The views expressed in the newsletter are those of the meeting presenters and participants. The newsletter does not represent either formal consensus conclusions of ...
full textMy Resources
Journal title
volume 1 issue 2
pages 196- 208
publication date 2005-03
By following a journal you will be notified via email when a new issue of this journal is published.
Hosted on Doprax cloud platform doprax.com
copyright © 2015-2023