Comparison of Immune Responses following Intradermal and Intramuscular Rabies Vaccination Methods

Cellular immune response following pre-exposure and postexposure rabies vaccination by intradermal and intramuscular routes

PURPOSE Immunization against rabies in humans induces protective neutralizing antibodies; however, the induction of type 1 or type 2 cytokine mediated cellular immune responses following rabies vaccination is not understood. Hence, the present study investigated cellular cytokine responses in vaccinated individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study groups included healthy rabies antigen naive ...

Evaluation of intradermal vaccination at the anti rabies vaccination OPD.

Rabies is a virtually 100% fatal acute viral encephalitis caused by an RNA virus belonging to family Rhabdoviridae and genus Lyssavirus. The virus can infect all warm blooded animals. The disease is transmitted to humans by the bite, lick or scratch of an infected animal. More than 99% of all human rabies deaths occur in the developing world. It is preventable with timely and proper usage of mo...

The immunity conferred by anthrax avirulent uncapsulated live vaccine following different methods (intradermal and subcutaneous) of vaccination

Immunogenicity of low dose intradermal hepatitis B vaccine and its comparison with standard dose intramuscular vaccination.

OBJECTIVE A prospective study was carried out in the well baby and immunization clinics of tertiary care hospital to compare the immunogenicity of low dose hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) given intradermally versus standard dose given intramuscularly. METHODS One hundred ninety six term, healthy, Australia antigen negative and exclusively breast fed babies were allocated into two groups in a simple...

on the comparison of keyword and semantic-context methods of learning new vocabulary meaning

the rationale behind the present study is that particular learning strategies produce more effective results when applied together. the present study tried to investigate the efficiency of the semantic-context strategy alone with a technique called, keyword method. to clarify the point, the current study seeked to find answer to the following question: are the keyword and semantic-context metho...

Intradermal route for rabies vaccination should be generalized in travelers.

TO THE EDITOR—We agree with Wieten and colleagues [1] that an abbreviated intradermal (ID) schedule would greatly reduce preexposure rabies vaccination cost, including for travelers [2, 3]. However, because lyophilized vaccines do not contain a preservative, once reconstituted, an ampoule must be kept in a refrigerator at <8°C and used within 8 hours. Therefore, for this approach to be costeffe...