chHDAC11 mRNA Expression During Prenatal and Postnatal Chicken (Gallus gallus) Brain Development

Background: Histone deacetylation plays an essential role in transcriptional regulation of cell cycle progression and other evolutionary processes. Several results confirm the importance of the latest found HDAC11 gene to deacetylate histone core in neurons and their supportive cells in developing the vertebrate Central Nervous System (CNS).  Objectives: This study investigates the HDAC11 potential role in early chicken CNS development by studying its mRNA expression profile which may have unique means in studying human subjects.  Materials & Methods: Chicken HDAC11 RNAs were reverse transcribed to cDNAs, and the amount of chHDAC11 transcripts was measured by ΔCT mean calculation using the real-time quantitative PCR method. One-way ANOVA and Duncan’s analysis (SigmaStat software version 4.0) were used to test the statistical significance of the results. The levels of significance were set at P≤0.05. Quantitative data are presented as Mean±SD. Results: The amount of HDAC11 mRNAs gradually increases, at least 2-3 times, from as early as day 14 (E14/HH40) of prenatal cortex formation to day P0 (E20=HH45) and continue to increase to day 40 in both cortical and hippocampal regions of the postnatal chicken brain during development (*P≤0.05). HDAC11 mRNA is not only expressed in the postnatal cortex and hippocampi regions but also—for the first time—in the developing brain during the prenatal period. Conclusion: Our results show a possibly important role for the latest found HDAC11 conserved gene in the development of vertebrates’ embryonic brain, which in turn may have a significant impact on understanding human brain development.