هخامنشیان در ایونیه: از نبرد موکاله تا صلح کالیاس (479-449 پ.م)
Authors
Abstract:
جنگهای مادی (دولت هخامنشی با یونانیان) از مهمترین سرفصل‌های تاریخ دورۀ باستان است. مهمترین مسئله در بررسی این جنگ کمبود و یک‌طرفه بودن منابع است. در حالیکه هیچ منبع ایرانی و شرقی سخنی از این جنگ نزده، منابع یونانی (در رأس آنان هرودت) به تفصیل جزئیات آن را شرح داده‌اند. اما هرودت به دلیلی ناروشن کتاب خود را با نبرد موکاله و محاصرۀ سِستوس (479 پ.م) به پایان رسانده است. دیگر منابع یونانی روایت‌هایی آشفته از این جنگها به یادگار گذاشته‌اند که بررسیِ جنگها پس از نبرد موکاله را دشوار می‌کند. بر اساس روایت یونانی، با شکستِ هخامنشیان در نبردِ موکاله و سِستوس حضورِ دریایی پارسیان در آب‌های اژه به پایان رسید و چیرگیِ دریایی بر شاهراهِ آبی مدیترانه به دریای سیاه و کرانه‌های غربی آسیای صغیر (ایونیه) از دست رفت، اما بررسی‌های انجام شده در این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که دولت هخامنشی همچنان پایگاه‌های دریایی مهمی در مدیترانه داشت که به ادامه درگیری‌ها تا سه دهه پس از نبردِ موکاله انجامید، تا اینکه سرانجام دو طرف به صلح کالیاس (449 پ.م) تن دادند.
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Journal title
volume 12 issue 2
pages 65- 88
publication date 2020-08-22
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