تحلیل شکلی و محتوایی و خاستگاه هنری آرایه‌ها در خانه‌های شهری و روستایی گیلان

Decoration is an inseparable part of architecture in every culture and land. This subject has a valuable situation in native art. In native art, it has a meaning and concept beyond the embellishment and external cover. This is the reflection of cultural concepts and symbols along the historical lines which is used not to the purpose of self-expression, but to express an inner conception. Architectural decorations that express themselves in different shapes in facades, entrances and interior spaces; point out identity and value. Ornament cannot be separated from architecture; but, historical signs, social identities and cultural values could be found far more than architecture. The purpose of this paper is to describe and compare the architectural ornaments in the rural and urban houses of Guilan in order to identify the differences and similarities in their form and content. This paper examines the impact of social, cultural and historical context as factors that are involved in the decoration patterns. This research has collected data with descriptive-analytic approach and comparative study by studying library documents and field observations. After analyzing and summarizing, we conclude on the differences and similarities in the form (natural and abstract), type (plant, human and animal), content and the location of ornament. How to influence the lifestyle and native culture on decoration and also the artistic origin of decorative motifs are important research findings.