lead-lag controllers coefficients tuning to control fuel cell based on pso algorithm

one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal. one of the most important fuel cells (fcs) is proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs). the outputvoltage of this fc depends on current loads. this paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage ofpemfc, during load variations. the output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. toachieve this goal, a controller should be designed. here, the lead-lag controller is used which its coefficientsare optimized based on pso algorithms. in order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulatedas an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirablecontroller, pso method is used to solve the problem. simulation results for various loads in the time domain areperformed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. simulations show the accuracy of theproposed controller performance to achieve this goal.