A Real Time Health Control and Localization of Pilgrims in El Hajj :bsn Application

As an emerging technology, WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks) composed from a large number of small, low data rate and inexpensive node that communicate in order to sense or control a physical phenomenon. WSN have a lot of applications like disaster management, health, military and security, and enormously attracted the community of researchers and has fueled the interest in sensor networks during the past few years. Sensors are typically capable of wireless communication and able to solve several problems in numerous domains. During the Hajj season, the organizers faced a lot of problems related to the health of pilgrims and their position in the area of El Hajj. At this time, the proposed works are focused on the identification of pilgrims lost, using the implementation of RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification). The latter solution, is as expensive equipment, requires adding tags to pilgrims. Those tags are limited to read data from those passives tags. Further work is limited only to the location of pilgrims. However, the aim of this paper is to discuss and propose a system which allows monitoring of pilgrims. Indeed, this allows, using a BSN (Body Sensor Network) as a particular application of wireless sensor network, for the localization of pilgrims lost and control, in real-time, the health status of those who fall into critical situation with diseases that could threaten their health and life. In this system, the agents in El Hajj, dispatched to several areas of Hajj and have devices that install applications to monitor and locate pilgrims, periodically, by reading sensors measurements in addition to their localization with adequate and theoretical technique. This solution, present a model for an area, and which can be duplicated for the full area of El hajj. It also facilitates the intervention and localization, in real time, of pilgrims who are away from their camps and to save their life.