Chitinase 1 is a biomarker for and therapeutic target in scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease that augments TGF-β1 signaling.

Chitinase 1 Is a Biomarker for and Therapeutic Target in Scleroderma-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease That Augments TGF-b1 Signaling

Chitotriosidase in the Pathogenesis of Inflammation, Interstitial Lung Diseases and COPD

As a member of 18 glycosyl hydrolase (GH) family, chitotriosidase (Chitinase 1, CHIT1) is a true chitinase mainly expressed in the differentiated and polarized macrophages. CHIT1 is an innate immune mediator that digests the cell walls of chitin-containing eukaryotic pathogens, such as fungi. However, CHIT1 is dysregulated in granulomatous and fibrotic interstitial lung diseases characterized b...

Modifiers of TGF-β1 effector function as novel therapeutic targets of pulmonary fibrosis

Pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal progressive disease with no effective therapy. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 has long been regarded as a central mediator of tissue fibrosis that involves multiple organs including skin, liver, kidney, and lung. Thus, TGF-β1 and its signaling pathways have been attractive therapeutic targets for the development of antifibrotic drugs. However, the essential bi...

Standardized Herbal PM014 Formula Ameliorates Pulmonary Fibrosis in COVID-19 Patients by Inhibiting the TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway

A number of studies have previously provided evidence on the Anti-inflammatory properties of plant-derived compounds that can prevent lung injury. In this study, we attempted to analyze the therapeutic effects of PM 014 on inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 as well as describing the treatment of one of the most challenging problems related to the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19). We belie...

Anti-inflammatory effect of Yu-Ping-Feng-San via TGF-β1 signaling suppression in rat model of COPD

Objective(s): Yu-Ping-Feng-San (YPFS) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used for treatment of the diseases in respiratory systems, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) recognized as chronic inflammatory disease. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here we detected the factors involved in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)/Smad2 si...