Toroidal Cellular Aggregates for Directed Assembly of Multicellular Structure

We have developed a unique multicellular aggregate formation platform that utilizes a maskless gray-scale photolithography. The cellular aggregate formed using this platform has a toroidal-like geometry and includes a micro-pore that facilitates the supply of the oxygen and growth factors and expels waste products. As a result, this platform was capable of rapidly producing hundreds of multicellular aggregates at a time, and of regulating the diameter of aggregates with complex design. These toroidal multicellular aggregates can grow as long-term culture. In addition, the micro-pore can be used as a continuous channel and for the insertion vascular system or a nerve system into the assembled tissue.