Construction of Beam Profiler and Experimental Investigation in Carrier Envelope Phase Dependence of Above-Threshold Ionization on Gold Surface By Zephy,
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Robust carrier-envelope phase retrieval of few-cycle laser pulses
The two-dimensional momentum distributions of high-energy photoelectrons generated in the above-threshold ionization of atoms by intense laser pulses are analysed as resulting from the elastic backscattering of laser-induced returning electrons. Using this quantitative rescattering theory, we show that the returning electron wave packets are entirely determined by the properties of the laser pu...
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