GPS Navigation for Outdoor and Indoor Environments

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is an accurate positioning system. The GPS has an accuracy that varies from 4mm up to 11m. This project in lieu of thesis investigates the state of art of the GPS navigation and positioning for outdoor and indoor environments with a particular focus to the outdoor applications. This project includes an overview of GPS system, the GPS segments, the composition of signals from the GPS satellites, and the structure of the GPS data. A comprehensive review of the factors influencing the GPS accuracy such as GPS error sources, and Geometric Dilution of Precision “GDOP” are discussed. The significant up-to-date techniques and methods used for enhancement of the GPS solution such as Differential GPS “DGPS”, Carrier phase, Pseudolite, and Wide Area Differential GPS “WADGPS” are thoroughly described.