Hope and deception.

Deception and lying.

Honesty as a Foundational Virtue According to Islamic Mystical Ethics: Introduction and Definition

Honesty in Islamic mystical ethics, at a superficial level, refers to the correspondence between speech, action, and intention and purpose. This application of honesty has been analyzed in depth in mystical ethics, and the analysis has resulted in honesty being considered as the foundation and basis of other virtues from five aspects, from which it can be understood that many of virtues are not...

The Concept of Hope and Its Relevance to Consumer Behavior

The authors argue that the concept of hope is highly relevant to consumer behavior and marketing, though its study has not yet appeared in these literatures. Complicating this study is that the definition of hope across literatures is inconsistent. The purpose of this conceptual article is to articulate the concept of hope and elucidate its relevance to consumer behavior. We do so in six sectio...

Self-deception as pseudo-rational regulation of belief.

Self-deception is a special kind of motivational dominance in belief-formation. We develop criteria which set paradigmatic self-deception apart from related phenomena of auto-manipulation such as pretense and motivational bias. In self-deception rational subjects defend or develop beliefs of high subjective importance in response to strong counter-evidence. Self-deceivers make or keep these bel...

The case for deception in medical experimentation.

Any attempt to argue in favor of deceptive practices is bound to meet with at least initial resistance. In the context of health care activities, where what goes on is often quite literally a matter of life and death, deceptive practices would seem to be totally objectionable. But with a little reflection, we might be led to alter our generally negative attitude toward using deceptive technique...